Researchers and clinicians have recognized that each condition tends to be associated with unique nutrients at certain stages of the postoperative period:
- Wernicke's encephalopathy (due to thiamine deficiency) is one of the most common early complications.
- Myelopathy and myeloneuropathy (due to vitamin B12 or copper deficiency) [4] are considered late complications.
- Polyneuropathy is associated with B12, B6 and vitamin E deficiencies and is usually a late complication.